Tax abatements and school district finances

This post has been edited to correct misinformation from its original posting. Apologies. HG

The Inquirer has an interesting in-depth analysis of the city’s tax abatement program. The story is one of the most extensive looks at a program that has changed the face of Philadelphia. Unfortunately, the story leaves the consequences for Philadelphia schools as somewhat of an afterthought.

Although the city has arguably reaped benefits from tax abatements (wage/sales taxes, development, residential sales, etc.), the school district has suffered immeasurably from the program with little recompense from the city. In its newspaper version, the Inky published a chart of the tax impact on the city and schools. I inquired about the specific numbers on the chart, and then did a 60% calculation of the amount that would have transferred to the schools.

Here's what the cost of abatements will be for the schools:

  • since 2008: City = $84,727,393 in total lost revenue
    Schools = $50,836,436 forfeited
  • by 2012: City = $181,406,923 in total lost revenue
    Schools = $108,844,154 forfeited
  • by 2016 (peak loss): City = $239,932,516 in total lost revenue
    Schools = $143,959,509 forfeited

Between 2016 and 2025, the total amount lost for schools declines. The District will begin to see profits from the program in 2025 when we get the first check for $1.6 million . . . after 26 years. By 2025, all three of my children will have graduated from high school – a generation, in my opinion, robbed.

Robbed partly because the City has largely not compensated for the losses or engaged in serious dialogue about ways to offset the cost of losing millions of dollars a year.

To its credit, in 2007, City Council voted to transfer a little less than 2% of real estate taxes to the school district, resulting in roughly $20 million additional dollars a year. However, keep in mind that this was the first city increase since the state takeover, and no where in the city’s five year plan is there discussion of options for additional revenue generation to the schools.

Other cities, as the story points out, target their abatement programs to minimize financial costs:

Some national abatement researchers say the city is giving away the store to the wealthy.

"Philadelphia is being overly generous. It makes absolutely no sense," said C. Kurt Zorn, an Indiana University professor who did a national study of abatements in 2005.

Abatements offered by other cities usually have significant restrictions. They can be used only in low-income neighborhoods, for instance, or the discounts are capped.

Not so in Philadelphia.

"The whole idea of an abatement is that it's not an across-the-board tax break," Zorn said in an interview. "It's supposed to target aid to areas that are traditionally blighted. I don't think downtown Philadelphia is blighted."

The story includes boosterish revenue projections for the district, but here’s the problem: Property tax revenues are the bread and butter of school financing. They’re just about the only funds we’re legally entitled to. Anything else we have to beg and scrape for - and I mean beg and scrape. It's painful to look at the next 17 years as potentially a "lost generation" for public school financing. We won't recoup that money; and we'll suffer the consequences for its loss.

And telling kids to wait 26 years for profits that may or may not come down the road is a lot to ask when our kids need books, our teachers are underpaid, our classrooms are overcrowded, our libraries (within and outside of school) are closing, and the best we get, is "the school district will get theirs."

I am neither a critic or supporter of the tax abatement program. But this city needs an honest accounting and public dialogue for the costs of any program and what it's doing to ameliorate the financial problems tax abatements cost for a generation of public school children and families.

Helen, Thanks for this. I

Helen,

Thanks for this. I think it is great that Kerkstra started this with his article in the Inquirer.

I think this is important to push on, because I think the most people don't really understand that our school funding doesn't just come out of the same ol big pot. I know I didn't until pretty recently. And so, it is crucially important to think about how a program like this shifts tax burdens and robs certain pieces of our city, like our public schools, of money.

In my mind, there is no longer any reason for a tax abatement of any kind in Center City. If the City identifies other areas where it wants to encourage development, and there is buy-in from the neighborhood, then do it. But, this just no longer makes any sense.

I want to make sure I understand this, Helen

The chart in the Inquirer shows a very small loss in total tax revenues due to the abatement.

I assume that this is because increases in wage and other taxes makes up for most of the loss of property tax revenue.

The numbers you give us above are, I assume, are based on just the estimates of property taxes lost to the abatement.

And you are giving us 60% of the value of those taxes lost because the schools get 60% of property tax revenues?

Is that right?

If so, then what you have shown us is a massive and presumably unintended reduction in tax revenues for the schools as a result of the abatement program.

Leaving aside the overall fairness and equity of the abatement program, it could have been fair for the schools if, as part of that program, there was an agreement for the city to make good on the lost property tax revenues by contributing from other city revenues to the school system.

But that did not happen and the result is that of the tax revenues generated locally, a declining share has been been going to the schools, a trend that will continue until 2025. (It would be helpful, by the way, to calculate that number.)

If I understand this argument correctly, this is a very powerful indictment of the way this city has treated and is continuing to treat its children.

Marc: You're right about the schools

Unlike the City, which as I said has arguably seen some financial offset for the tax abatement loss, the schools have just forfeited millions of dollars.

I requested the specific numbers per year that the Inquirer used to calculate "lost revenue" and took an even 60% from the years 2008 and on; 58% and change would have been the appropriate calculation from 1999-2007.

I would also argue, though I don't have specifics to back this up yet, that there are other "costs" the district has absorbed. For example, the tax abatements have coincided with an unprecedented rise in the number of charter schools in the city. Philadelphia's charter schools, if counted as a group, would comprise the second largest school district in the state.

Mike Masch has been strongly critical of the funding drain of the charters. Though I am not sure that I entirely buy his full analysis, there is no doubt that the maintenance of dozens of new charters has eaten up much of the new state money and strained district finances.

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